Influence of Health Care Delivery

Influence of health care delivery Influence of health care delivery services in the future Shellie Bosley University of Phoenix Abstract Your abstract should be one paragraph and should not exceed 120 words. It is a summary of the most important elements of your paper. All numbers in the abstract, except those beginning a sentence, should be typed as digits rather than words. To count the number of words in this paragraph, select the paragraph, and on the Tools menu click Word Count. Influence of health care delivery services in the futureThe impacts of healthcare delivery systems biggest issues are the aging and obesity. We need to understand how these can impact our lives and what we can do to address them now before they become a bigger issue in the future. Many of the Americans from the baby boomer era are becoming retired and will add to the future endeavors of the working class with many of our government programs being affected. The second contributor is obesity. Since this ca n go in hand with the aging these are the main reasons we need to look at our delivery systems. AgingWith our population of baby boomers which are born between 1946 and 1964 they will start to turn 65. This means that our numbers of aging people is likely to double from what it is now. This also has an increase due to immigrants arriving from 2005 to 2050. In the United States our aging is graying at a much slower pace. By 2050 we are expected to have one fifth of our population retired. The increased number will have a huge impact on the United States structure of many programs. The rapid change can have major social and economic issues when we do not plan for them ahead of time. The postwar baby boom in the United States has strained local hospital, public school, and postsecondary education systems, as well as the labor force as these unexpected large cohorts have moved through the life cycle. U. S. population aging has been long predicted. †(Kevin Kinsella and Wan He, â₠¬Å"An Aging World: 2008,† U. S. Census Bureau, International Population Reports P95/09-1 (Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office, 2009). But this is not the only numbers that are important for policies and programs. This also affects healthcare, disability, living arrangements, kinship networks and the economy.It is about the cost and implications the Aging population will have on America. Environment Environmental factors are air pollution, food and water containments, radiation and toxic chemicals as well as health determinants. You also have factor such as socioeconomic status which means the more money and better you can live the less likely you are to be a burden on society. Behavior and lifestyle can also influence along with heredity. But the most important is health care because this is your determinate to living a long healthy life. DemographicsDemographics of the aging population more than 3. 5 million boomers turn 55. By this year the 50 and older populati on will reach 100 million. It is an increase of 31 percent this decade. They are expected to live 19 years longer and women outnumber men by almost 6 million. Half a million are grandparents with the responsibility of raising their grandchildren. The major income is social security, income from assets, private pensions, government pensions, private pensions and earnings. Most of the elderly live in metropolitan areas and they tend to move less.Most elderly are home owners and their homes do have physical problems. And most have a free and clear home where they do not owe anything on them. When it comes to work and education 6. 2 million Americans age 65 are in the work force. Between 1970 and 2008, the percentage of older persons who had completed high school rose from 28% to 77. 4%. About 20. 5% in 2008 had a bachelor's degree or higher. (http://assistedliving. about. com/od/startingabusiness/a/agingtrends. htm) Reducing The aging trend is likely to increase due to their needs bein g different than younger people.Older adults have different health care needs than younger age groups, and this will affect the demands placed on the health care system in the future. They are more likely to suffer chronic illness such as cancer and heart disease. About 84% of those age 65 and older suffer from at least one chronic condition, compared to 38% of those ages 20 to 44 [Wu and Green, 2000]. They are more to require the service of healthcare due to injuries and illness. They have more limitations than younger people and they use more prescription medications.They usually consume more ambulatory care, hospital service, nursing homes and home health services than younger people. When dealing with the aging we can implement many options to help them live a full and healthy lifestyle. We need to help them improve their health by getting regular exercise and not smoking, reduce the chronic disease. We also need increase the use of preventive services and help them understand t hat addressing the issue now will help them live a longer life. If they have a coginitive impairment, mental health issue get them address early. And provide them with education and planning for serious events. ObesityThe CDC reports that obesity rates among adults in the United States doubled between 1980 and 2012. Today, over 30% of our country’s population is obese with many not feeling this is a real issue. The increased healthcare cost created by this trend shows otherwise. When you think of health many studies show being obese increases your risk for serious health. Many serious health factors are heart disease, diabetes and many cancers. This makes the risk in healthcare cost and a decline in productivity in the economy. The current obesity rates in America are more than one third. There are no real differences between men or women.Adults aged 60 and over are more obese than younger adults. With men it is no real difference in rates but with women the rate is 42 percen t to 31 percent in women under 60. When you place children in the equation it is higher for adolescents than preschool aged children. The obesity rate is higher among boys than girls at an 18 percent to 15 percent rate. (http://www. cdc. gov/obesity/data/adult. html) Environmental factors The environmental factors that contribute to obesity are lack of healthy choices in diet and lack of exercise either from choice or lack of resources such as the store is too far to walk so they drive.With fewer options for physical activity and healthy eating it becomes difficult to make good choices. Other environmental factors are energy balance with means spending too much time watching television, playing video games and these types of things than energy building activities such as bike riding or walking. Another factor is the food industry with reasonable food portions, change in what is in them and cheaper health options for the consumer that cannot afford. Demographics Overweight in adults and children has tripled and it is estimated that one in five people in the United States is overweight.We are seeing many younger people becoming obese with the higher rates in the Hispanic, African Americans, Mexican Americans and Native Americans. The lower the families income the higher the risk for obesity rate due to lack of resources to pay for them. The higher the income the more readily the healthy food options are. Trend During the past 20 years, there has been a dramatic increase in obesity in the United States and rates remain high. More than one-third of U. S. adults (35. 7%) and approximately 17% (or 12. 5 million) of children and adolescents aged 2—19 years are obese. (www. cdc. gov) In 2009-2010 the age-adjusted mean BMI was 28. (95% CI, 28. 3-29. 1) for men and also 28. 7 (95% CI, 28. 4-29. 0) for women. Median BMI was 27. 8 (interquartile range [IQR], 24. 7-31. 7) for men and 27. 3 (IQR, 23. 3-32. 7) for women. The age-adjusted prevalence of obesity was 35. 5% (95% CI, 31. 9%-39. 2%) among adult men and 35. 8% (95% CI, 34. 0%-37. 7%) among adult women. Over the 12-year period from 1999 through 2010, obesity showed no significant increase among women overall (age- and race-adjusted annual change in odds ratio [AOR], 1. 01; 95% CI, 1. 00-1. 03; P = . 07), but increases were statistically significant for non-Hispanic black women (P = . 4) and Mexican American women (P = . 046). For men, there was a significant linear trend (AOR, 1. 04; 95% CI, 1. 02-1. 06; P ; . 001) over the 12-year period. For both men and women, the most recent 2 years (2009-2010) did not differ significantly (P = . 08 for men and P = . 24 for women) from the previous 6 years (2003-2008). Trends in BMI were similar to obesity trends. (NHANES) With the increase in BMI it can lead to many diseases which are heart disease, diabetes, hypertension and Metabolic Syndrome. Reducing the risks To reduce the risks of obesity you first need to be educated on the risks and how you became a risk factor.Then you need to change your eating habits to a healthy diet. You will need to increase your regular exercise and decrease inactivity. Go to the doctors and figure out a healthy path to get in control. Citations 1. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health (2000). The Practical Guide: Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults (NIH Publication No. 00-4084). Available online: http://www. nhlbi. nih. gov/guidelines/obesity/prctgd_c. pdf. 2. Purnell JQ (2008). Obesity. In DC Dale, DD Federman, eds. , ACP Medicine, section 3, chap. 10.Hamilton, ON: BC Decker. 3. American Gastroenterological Association (2002, reapproved 2008). AGA technical review on obesity. Gastroenterology, 123(3): 882-932. [Erratum in Gastroenterology, 123(5): 1752. ] 4. Klien S, Romijin JA (2008). Obesity. In HM Kroneberg et al. , eds. , Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 11th ed, pp. 1563-1587. Philadelphia: Saunders. 5. U. S. Department of Health and Human Services (2008). 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (ODPHP Publication No. U0036). Washington, DC: U. S. Government Printing Office. Available online: http://www. health. gov/paguidelines/pdf/paguide. pdf.Gingras Y, Lariviere V, Macaluso B, Robitaille J-P (2008) The Effects of Aging on Researchers' Publication and Citation Patterns. PLoS ONE 3(12): e4048. doi:10. 1371/journal. pone. 0004048 References Anderson, Charles & Johnson (2003). The impressive psychology paper. Chicago: Lucerne Publishing. Smith, M. (2001). Writing a successful paper. The Trey Research Monthly, 53, 149-150. Entries are organized alphabetically by surnames of first authors and are formatted with a hanging indent. Most reference entries have three components: Authors: Authors are listed in the same order as specified in the source, using surnames and initials.Commas separate all authors. When there are seven or more authors, list the first six and then use â€Å"et al. † for remaining authors. If no author is identified, the title of the document begins the reference. Year of Publication: In parenthesis following authors, with a period following the closing parenthesis. If no publication date is identified, use â€Å"n. d. † in parenthesis following the authors. Source Reference: Includes title, journal, volume, pages (for journal article) or title, city of publication, publisher (for book).

HEALTH AND BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

HEALTH AND BEHAVIOURAL SCIENCES - Lab Report Example as no difference found in the motivation of two groups, but the groups with the fewer choices were more satisfied with their decision and they also reported less difficulty levels. Do you have more variety of this product? I think we should visit the corner shop because my friend was telling me that they have a wide collection. I can apply for only a few colleges†¦ I wish I could apply for more college. How many times we have heard or used these sentences or similar kinds of statements. The importance of choices in our lives is very important and it is often realized. People always variety as they feel that it helps them in their decision making process. There are no two thoughts on the fact that choices are very important for us. The effect that choices have on our lives is misinterpreted or misunderstood many a times. Too many choices may not be as beneficial for us as we think they are. It is found that excess of choices can decrease the motivation to buy (Iyengar & Lepper, 2000). Psychology informs us today that choice between two desirable options can lead to dissatisfaction and stress (Huffman, 2008). These results are not in line with the common notion regarding choices. The ability to choose from a variety of alternatives is considered necessary for a better decision. Studies have also suggested that choices are very necessary for human beings and they increase the life satisfaction of people (Deci & Ryan, 1985). These studies have contradicting results and they may confuse a lay man. These results have also added obscurity on the subject of variety and choices to some extent. It is important to understand that variety is very important for people and their survival. However too many choices can lead to dissatisfaction and decrease in motivation. The problem with too many choices is that it increases the stress level of the people as they want to choose the best option (Moushart, 2008). Too many choices actually hinder in decision making by confusing

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Response to cave of forgotten dreams - Essay Example Doing so, Herzog nudges the contemporary viewers to reconsider the existing notions and concepts regarding creativity, art and art appreciation. Herzog’s documentary pursues a mesmerizing journey back in time; say almost 32,000 years ago, to depict the earliest known art work created by mankind. If taken in a starkly pragmatic context, in consonance with the popular cinema as it is perceived today, prehistoric charcoal pictures should not ideally be the stuff of a gripping and thought provoking cinema. However, it is not so with Cave of Forgotten Dreams. Herzog’s usage of the 3D technology to film the ancient art work in a way redefines cinema. The nonstop projection of 3D images aided by the interviews of the experts and scientists, gives way to a creative space that is both contemporary as well as primordial, a space in which the viewers can shed their preconceived notions to think afresh about the fundamental nature and meaning of humanness. Doing so, Herzog deliberately facilitates relevant insights into the essence of mankind. All life forms live and thrive in the cradle of nature, yet it is only the mankind that has the ability to appreciate, cherish and imitate beauty. This capacity to appreciate and imitate beauty is the true essence of humanness and art. This capacity is ancient, prehistoric, raw, rough and wild, while at the same time being contemporary, current, sophisticated, delicate and civilized. There is some essential essence, energy or ether that though indiscernible, could very much be felt and experienced, which connects the so called rawness, wildness and roughness of the prehistoric man to the sophistication, sensitivity and civilization of the contemporary humanity through the medium of art. In the light of this vision of art and humanity, it is easy to understand the comment made by Julien Monney in the film that an Aborigine rock art Painter in

Analysis of the Position of Female Entrepreneurs in the Middle East Essay

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Architecture Research Paper Kansai International Airport Essay Example for Free

Architecture Research Paper Kansai International Airport Essay The Kansai International Airport designed by architect Renzo Piano is a very fascinating and unique building. It construction combines a man-made island, a high-tech new age looking structure and creative architectural design to create one of the biggest and most expensive airports in the world as seen to right in (Figure-1a). Human use of Kansai Airport is best expressed by the lecture topics discussed in class that include: Designation and Organization of Use, Architectural Determinism, Humanism at a Personal Scale, and Humanism at the Scale of Neighborhoods / Communities/Bureaucracies and Meaning in Architecture. In the Professor Speck’s class lecture over Designation and Organization of Use, there are many themes that I feel parallel with the design of Kansai International Airport. In lecture Professor Speck said that the overall environment a building is in encourages both the behavioral aspects and the physical environment, which in turn alters the shape behavior of the building. This statement correlates perfectly to Kansai Airport, because first of all the building is built of the coast of Osaka, Japan on a made-island. So before the building is built there is already a sense of behavioral and physical difference that sets it apart from other buildings. According to the lecture space is designated for three reasons. The first reason being the practicality of the designated space, then the injection of certain cultural values and taboos and finally the intrinsic human need to claim pace- intervals and community. Also, he said that when architects are planning the zoning for building they consider time, efficiency and machines. Kansai Airport was built because of a need for a big international airport; however, Piano had to find an alternate location due to the crowdedness of the Osaka Bay area. Thus, he used the theme of designation and organization use to come to the conclusion of a manmade island. Piano decision for the island can be compared to early American houses expressed in the book The Place Houses. In the book the authors describe how the early houses in New England, Virginia and Deep South differed in design to help adapt to there environment. However, after Piano solved the problem of where the airport would be built he still had to decide how long to make the island so it could house the massive structure. The final decision was for the island to be four kilometers long and one kilometer wide. The Phaidon Press describes this well in the book On Tour with Renzo Piano when they write, â€Å"Projects such as Kansai International Airport are so large in scale that they are almost impossible to grasp. †(p. 7). The size of the island is seen from an aerial view above in (Figure 2-a). Architectural Determinism, as mentioned by Professor Speck, played an important role in the design and construction of the Kansai Airport. The interior of the building is very easy to navigate around. Transparent glass helps calm people down and at the same time speed up the process of arrival and departure. The long and narrow design allows for a nearly infinite field of vision, creating a stress free and carefree environment. This is described well in the book Renzo Piano when Emilo Pizzi writes, â€Å"The desire to maximize transparency between the various areas allocated to embarkation and arrival procedures mans that precedence is given at every point to the passengers need to find their way, as well as enabling them to see the planes parked in front of the building through windows. † (p. 228). Rather than some buildings where people can feel like a needle in hay stack and get lost easily, Kansai International is very easy to navigate through even with its massive size. The transparency of the interior that results in easy and efficiency of movement from one place to another is apparent in (Figure 3-a) right and above. The next issue presented in lecture related to the Kansai Airport is Humanism at a Personal Scale. The assortment of different kinds of plant life inside the terminal give let the airport connect with the people walking through it. The plants help to offset the cold, unwelcoming feeling that is given off by the vast amount of steel, high ceiling and open spaces. Also helping to offset this unwelcoming feeling is the beautiful view of the Osaka Bay. The large glass windows combined with sun reflecting off the water allows a lot of natural light into the terminal. As expressed in the book The Place of Houses natural light helps give a warm vivid feeling to room that will stay in our minds long after we walk out of that room. Another small but import feature of Kansai Airport is the small signs that give directions. While all airports have these signs, they are especially important particularly in this massive terminal. Convenience of restaurants and stores also helps the airport to connect to the people walking through it on a more personal scale. This range of activities helps everyone that is arriving or departing feel a little bigger in such a enormous place. All of the small tributaries from the restaurants, stores, etc. lead to a â€Å"canyon† area that is the focal point of the terminal. Again this is to try and make arrival and departure run more smoothly. This is explained well in the book Renzo Piano when Emilo Piano writes, â€Å"Inside, the different levels convene into the â€Å"canyon,† a tall atrium occupying the fall of the height of the building, which acts as a sorting point for those arriving or disembarking off the planes. † (p. 28). The importance of focus is also cited in the book The Place of Houses, which says that the â€Å"focus† of a room is one of the most important and critical characteristics, because they (foci) are meant help to organize the room around the center of interest. In this case is canyon is both the center of interest and the â€Å"gateway† to the re st of the terminal. In (Figure 4-a) right and above one can clearly see how the â€Å"canyon† along with the massive signs help to make Kansai International Airport more manageable and how it helps to cater to people on a more humanistic and personal scale. Humanism at the Scale of Neighborhoods/Communities/Bureaucracies is the next issue I will discuss and its connection with the Kansai International Airport. I think that buzzing, busy atmosphere makes the people in the terminal feel warm and jovial. While it could be argued that to many persons walking scurrying through the airport at the same time could be disturbing and annoying, I think that like the plants, stores and restaurant the sea of people helps to fill the gigantic inside space of the terminal. However, if Kansai were compared to a city I would definitely compare it to one of the larger metropolises in the US, simply because of number of people and the crowded feeling it gives off. I think that the feel in the terminal would be like an exaggerated effect of what west campus is like during the afternoon of a school day. Both require a lot of walking and there is almost no opportunity to drive an automobile through either. Although I do not believe that Kansai Airport is necessarily a bad environment, it is certainly not a nurturing one. In lecture Professor Speck pointed out that there are eight principles of nurturing communities. They are as follows, convenience, wide range of articles, wide range of activities, sense of human presence, personal human scale, variety of visual experiences, freedom from intrusion of disturbance and natural relief. In my opinion Kansai Airport satisfies all of them except for intrusion of distraction, which is definitely does not satisfy because of the mass amounts of people. Emilo Pizzi explains this well in Renzo Piano when we he writes, â€Å"The place seems to evoke the turmoil of Japanese cities, but also the spirit of a millenary civilization†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p. 228). Although Kansai is not terrible as far as its Humanism at the Scale of Neighborhood/Communities/Bureaucracies is concerned it is definitely not as personable as the examples given in lecture, such as Kresege College in California, Byker, Newcastle-upon-Tyne in England, Tapiola New Town, Finland or the Crown Fountain, Millennium Park, Chicago. The final issue that Professor Speck discussed about in lecture was the Meaning of Architecture. The issue begins with the visual culture progression in the past fifty years leading to both greater reading comprehension and greater visual comprehension; architecture had to progress as well. Thus, architects started to use certain ways to â€Å"communicate† these ways of communication include Literal Direct Communication (LDC), Literal Indirect Communication (LIC) and Abstract. An example of LDC is a billboard of a cow with the caption â€Å"eat more,† so physically the meat is depicted. An example of LIC would be a picture of Bevo with the caption â€Å"We’re Texas. † Finally Abstract is defined as depicting certain feeling, colors, shapes, etc. I believe that Kansai International Airport is a combination of LDC and Abstract, because it looks like an airport with runways, planes, etc. but also is made of very unique shapes that set it apart from any other building. The uniqueness of Kansai that make it abstract are demonstrated well in Renzo Piano when Emilo Pizzi writes, â€Å"From the air, the building looks like a shining flag that cheerfully greets the traveler from the vast artificial island. The image stays in the mind when, having landed, the plane comes to a halt in front of the large metallic facade of the building. † (p. 224). A visual Kansai is flag-like structure and its Abstract communication is clearly depicted in (Figure 5-a) below. In conclusion, Professor Speck discussed many issues in lecture that distinguished the human and personal use of buildings all over the globe. The issues consisted of : Designation and Organization of Use, Architectural Determinism, Humanism at Personal Scale, Humanism at the Scale of Neighborhoods/ Communities/Bureaucracies and Meaning in Architecture. These issues/topics are especially vital in expressing the personal and human architectural use of Kansai International Airport. Theses issue give a small sample of truly how creative and unique Kansai Airport’s Architect Renzo Piano is and how impressive and world renounced Kansai International is by both world-class architects and just the every day observer alike. This airport with its manmade island and unique high-tech look will always be remembered and will mostly definitely used as a model for airports and other buildings in the future.